1. When two children have a dispute and agree to settle it according to their mother’s opinion, they are engaging in?
- Arbitration
- Conciliation
- Mediation
- Negotiation
- Restorative justice
2. Students who excel in math receive different treatment than students who excel in English. This is an example of?
- vertical socialization.
- horizontal socialization.
- resocialization.
- anticipatory socialization.
- desocialization.
3. A five year-old is probably too young to
- clean up spills with a sponge.
- sweep a wooden floor.
- dust shelves.
- Tmop the kitchen floor.
- put away toys.
4. Borrowers with a poor credit rating will not be eligible for a bank’s
- prime rate.
- savings deposits.
- demand deposits.
- deposit insurance.
- certificates of deposit.
5. From which food group should the most daily servings be taken?
- Bread, cereal, rice, and pasta
- Milk, yogurt, and cheese
- Fats, oils, and sweets
- Vegetables
- Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dry beans, and nuts
Answers & Explanations
1. A
When two children have a dispute and agree to settle it according to their mother’s opinion, they are engaging in arbitration. In arbitration, two conflicting parties agree to rely on the advice of a supposedly impartial third party. Sometimes, the parties will also establish guidelines for the way a decision is to be reached. In parenting, it can be difficult to settle a dispute with arbitration, since children are unlikely to honor a decision that goes against their interests. Conciliation is a method of settling disputes in which the conflicting parties are simply asked to meet and converse, with the idea that a resolution will naturally occur as a result of this meeting. In mediation, the conflicting parties decide to enlist the aid of an impartial third party as they attempt to settle their differences. The parties in mediation do not agree to follow the advice of the third party. In negotiation, two parties try to agree on terms that are acceptable to both. Negotiation in family life is a bit like compromise. Finally, restorative justice is a system in which the person who has been wronged gets some kind of compensation from the wrongdoer. When parents force one sibling to apologize to the other, they are essentially using restorative justice.
2. B
The different treatment given to students who excel in math as opposed to those who excel in English is known as horizontal socialization. Horizontal socialization is a fundamental difference in the treatment of people who inhabit different roles. Doctors and teachers, for instance, are treated differently by society, even though one profession is not necessarily prized more than the other. Vertical socialization, on the other hand, is the different treatment individuals receive when they occupy different class positions. Wealthy people, for example, are socialized differently than poor people. Resocialization is the intentional adjustment of a person’s socialization, typically in the hope that the person will become better integrated into society. People who are released from prison, for instance, must be resocialized into society. Anticipatory socialization occurs when a person expects to enter a new role in the future and adjusts his or her behavior accordingly. At the end of summer vacation, for example, students might start to adjust their clothing and hygiene as they look forward to the start of the school year. Desocialization is the relinquishing of a previously-held role. In a sense, all people are involved in a constant process of desocialization, since they are constantly casting off roles and taking on new ones.
3. D
A five year-old is probably too young to mop the kitchen floor. Mopping requires a degree of upper-body strength that a child of this age is unlikely to possess. However, a five year-old should be able to complete all of the other tasks listed as answer choices. Moreover, children at this age are often very enthusiastic about helping with household chores, particularly if they are given a chance to work independently. At this age, children are interested in participating in adult activities whenever possible, and parents should take advantage of this interest. 4.A Borrowers with a poor credit rating will not be eligible for a bank’s prime rate. The prime rate is the lowest rate of interest offered by a commercial bank or other lending institution. It is made available only to borrowers with pristine credit ratings, since these people and businesses are most likely to repay the loan according to the agreed-upon schedule. Savings deposits, demand deposits, and certificates of deposit are all investitures made by the consumer in a bank, and therefore do not depend on credit rating. A savings deposit can be withdrawn at any time, while a certificate of deposit must be kept in the bank for a prescribed length of time. A demand deposit is essentially the same thing as a checking account, because the funds within it can be withdrawn at any time and in any amount. Banks are required to have deposit insurance to guarantee that they will be able to return the funds invested by customers.
5. A
The United States Department of Agriculture recommends between six and eleven servings of bread, cereal, rice, and pasta daily. This is the most recommended servings of all the food groups. The other recommended serving amounts are as follows: vegetables (three to five servings); fruits (two to four servings); milk, yogurt, and cheese (two to three servings); meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dry beans, and nuts (two to three servings); and fats, oils, and sweets (less than a serving).
by Enoch Morrison | Last Updated: January 17, 2019